diff --git a/codecarbon/data/private_infra/global_energy_mix.json b/codecarbon/data/private_infra/global_energy_mix.json index 269532126..ab1d5a470 100644 --- a/codecarbon/data/private_infra/global_energy_mix.json +++ b/codecarbon/data/private_infra/global_energy_mix.json @@ -1,154 +1,154 @@ { "ABW": { "biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "carbon_intensity": 561.224, + "carbon_intensity": 550.0, "coal_TWh": 0.0, "country_name": "Aruba", "fossil_TWh": 0.83, "gas_TWh": 0.0, "hydroelectricity_TWh": 0.0, "iso_code": "ABW", - "low_carbon_TWh": 0.15, + "low_carbon_TWh": 0.17, "nuclear_TWh": 0.0, "oil_TWh": 0.83, "other_renewable_TWh": 0.0, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "per_capita_Wh": 9205.422, - "renewables_TWh": 0.15, - "solar_TWh": 0.01, - "total_TWh": 0.98, + "per_capita_Wh": 9252.748, + "renewables_TWh": 0.17, + "solar_TWh": 0.03, + "total_TWh": 1.0, "wind_TWh": 0.14, - "year": 2022 + "year": 2024 }, "AFG": { "biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "carbon_intensity": 132.53, + "carbon_intensity": 131.31, "coal_TWh": 0.03, "country_name": "Afghanistan", "fossil_TWh": 0.13, "gas_TWh": 0.0, - "hydroelectricity_TWh": 0.62, + "hydroelectricity_TWh": 0.75, "iso_code": "AFG", - "low_carbon_TWh": 0.7, + "low_carbon_TWh": 0.86, "nuclear_TWh": 0.0, "oil_TWh": 0.1, "other_renewable_TWh": 0.0, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "per_capita_Wh": 20.181, - "renewables_TWh": 0.7, - "solar_TWh": 0.08, - "total_TWh": 0.83, + "per_capita_Wh": 23.214, + "renewables_TWh": 0.86, + "solar_TWh": 0.11, + "total_TWh": 0.99, "wind_TWh": 0.0, - "year": 2022 + "year": 2024 }, "AGO": { "biofuel_TWh": 0.05, - "carbon_intensity": 174.734, + "carbon_intensity": 185.38, "coal_TWh": 0.0, "country_name": "Angola", - "fossil_TWh": 4.23, - "gas_TWh": 1.67, - "hydroelectricity_TWh": 12.64, + "fossil_TWh": 4.1, + "gas_TWh": 1.4, + "hydroelectricity_TWh": 11.0, "iso_code": "AGO", - "low_carbon_TWh": 12.71, + "low_carbon_TWh": 11.49, "nuclear_TWh": 0.0, - "oil_TWh": 2.56, + "oil_TWh": 2.7, "other_renewable_TWh": 0.05, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "per_capita_Wh": 475.99, - "renewables_TWh": 12.71, - "solar_TWh": 0.02, - "total_TWh": 16.94, + "per_capita_Wh": 411.499, + "renewables_TWh": 11.49, + "solar_TWh": 0.44, + "total_TWh": 15.59, "wind_TWh": 0.0, - "year": 2022 + "year": 2024 }, "ALB": { "biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "carbon_intensity": 24.286, + "carbon_intensity": 25.18, "coal_TWh": 0.0, "country_name": "Albania", "fossil_TWh": 0.0, "gas_TWh": 0.0, - "hydroelectricity_TWh": 6.96, + "hydroelectricity_TWh": 8.0, "iso_code": "ALB", - "low_carbon_TWh": 7.0, + "low_carbon_TWh": 8.34, "nuclear_TWh": 0.0, "oil_TWh": 0.0, "other_renewable_TWh": 0.0, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "per_capita_Wh": 2462.779, - "renewables_TWh": 7.0, - "solar_TWh": 0.04, - "total_TWh": 7.0, + "per_capita_Wh": 2987.367, + "renewables_TWh": 8.34, + "solar_TWh": 0.34, + "total_TWh": 8.34, "wind_TWh": 0.0, - "year": 2022 + "year": 2024 }, "ARE": { - "biofuel_TWh": 0.01, - "carbon_intensity": 561.135, + "biofuel_TWh": 0.21, + "carbon_intensity": 467.51, "coal_TWh": 0.0, "country_name": "United Arab Emirates", - "fossil_TWh": 127.67, - "gas_TWh": 127.67, - "hydroelectricity_TWh": 0, + "fossil_TWh": 121.01, + "gas_TWh": 121.01, + "hydroelectricity_TWh": 0.0, "iso_code": "ARE", - "low_carbon_TWh": 27.07, - "nuclear_TWh": 20.1, + "low_carbon_TWh": 56.25, + "nuclear_TWh": 40.63, "oil_TWh": 0.0, - "other_renewable_TWh": 0.013, - "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0, - "per_capita_Wh": 16389.973, - "renewables_TWh": 6.97, - "solar_TWh": 6.96, - "total_TWh": 154.74, - "wind_TWh": 0.0, - "year": 2022 + "other_renewable_TWh": 0.21, + "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, + "per_capita_Wh": 16074.892, + "renewables_TWh": 15.62, + "solar_TWh": 15.21, + "total_TWh": 177.26, + "wind_TWh": 0.2, + "year": 2024 }, "ARG": { - "biofuel_TWh": 2.33, - "carbon_intensity": 354.103, - "coal_TWh": 0.6, + "biofuel_TWh": 2.95, + "carbon_intensity": 346.0, + "coal_TWh": 2.82, "country_name": "Argentina", - "fossil_TWh": 91.24, - "gas_TWh": 73.38, - "hydroelectricity_TWh": 33.17, + "fossil_TWh": 89.43, + "gas_TWh": 80.69, + "hydroelectricity_TWh": 26.25, "iso_code": "ARG", - 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"per_capita_Wh": 3154.141, - "renewables_TWh": 2.33, - "solar_TWh": 0.33, - "total_TWh": 8.77, + "per_capita_Wh": 3292.287, + "renewables_TWh": 3.79, + "solar_TWh": 1.07, + "total_TWh": 9.72, "wind_TWh": 0.0, - "year": 2022 + "year": 2025 }, "ASM": { "biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "carbon_intensity": 611.111, + "carbon_intensity": 611.11, "coal_TWh": 0.0, "country_name": "American Samoa", "fossil_TWh": 0.17, @@ -160,663 +160,663 @@ "oil_TWh": 0.17, "other_renewable_TWh": 0.0, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "per_capita_Wh": 4063.664, + "per_capita_Wh": 3846.812, "renewables_TWh": 0.01, "solar_TWh": 0.01, - "total_TWh": 0.18000000000000002, + "total_TWh": 0.18, "wind_TWh": 0.0, - "year": 2022 + "year": 2024 }, "ATG": { "biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "carbon_intensity": 611.111, + "carbon_intensity": 594.6, "coal_TWh": 0.0, "country_name": "Antigua and Barbuda", "fossil_TWh": 0.34, "gas_TWh": 0.0, "hydroelectricity_TWh": 0.0, "iso_code": "ATG", - "low_carbon_TWh": 0.02, + "low_carbon_TWh": 0.03, "nuclear_TWh": 0.0, "oil_TWh": 0.34, "other_renewable_TWh": 0.0, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - 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"fossil_TWh": 1.35, + "fossil_TWh": 0.26, "gas_TWh": 0.0, - "hydroelectricity_TWh": 3.62, + "hydroelectricity_TWh": 3.25, "iso_code": "URY", - "low_carbon_TWh": 11.85, + "low_carbon_TWh": 11.68, "nuclear_TWh": 0.0, - "oil_TWh": 1.35, - "other_renewable_TWh": 3.03, + "oil_TWh": 0.26, + "other_renewable_TWh": 2.97, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "per_capita_Wh": 3856.147, - "renewables_TWh": 11.85, - "solar_TWh": 0.46, - "total_TWh": 13.2, - "wind_TWh": 4.74, - "year": 2023 + "per_capita_Wh": 3527.654, + "renewables_TWh": 11.68, + "solar_TWh": 0.61, + "total_TWh": 11.94, + "wind_TWh": 4.85, + "year": 2025 }, "USA": { - "biofuel_TWh": 47.46, - "carbon_intensity": 369.473, - "coal_TWh": 675.26, + "biofuel_TWh": 46.19, + "carbon_intensity": 384.4, + "coal_TWh": 737.15, "country_name": "United States", - "fossil_TWh": 2510.32, - "gas_TWh": 1802.06, - "hydroelectricity_TWh": 233.96, + "fossil_TWh": 2576.21, + "gas_TWh": 1807.34, + "hydroelectricity_TWh": 241.7, "iso_code": "USA", - "low_carbon_TWh": 1738.73, - "nuclear_TWh": 775.35, - "oil_TWh": 33.0, - "other_renewable_TWh": 66.07, - "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 18.61, - "per_capita_Wh": 12497.331, - "renewables_TWh": 963.38, - "solar_TWh": 238.12, - "total_TWh": 4249.05, - "wind_TWh": 425.23, - "year": 2023 + "low_carbon_TWh": 1943.58, + "nuclear_TWh": 784.78, + "oil_TWh": 31.72, + "other_renewable_TWh": 63.89, + "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 17.7, + "per_capita_Wh": 13014.986, + "renewables_TWh": 1158.8, + "solar_TWh": 388.82, + "total_TWh": 4519.79, + "wind_TWh": 464.39, + "year": 2025 }, "UZB": { "biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "carbon_intensity": 1167.603, - "coal_TWh": 2.22, + "carbon_intensity": 1000.0, + "coal_TWh": 5.7, "country_name": "Uzbekistan", - "fossil_TWh": 69.78, - "gas_TWh": 66.08, - "hydroelectricity_TWh": 4.97, + "fossil_TWh": 69.9, + "gas_TWh": 62.7, + "hydroelectricity_TWh": 6.3, "iso_code": "UZB", - "low_carbon_TWh": 4.98, + "low_carbon_TWh": 16.8, "nuclear_TWh": 0.0, - "oil_TWh": 1.48, + "oil_TWh": 1.5, "other_renewable_TWh": 0.0, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "per_capita_Wh": 2158.969, - "renewables_TWh": 4.98, - "solar_TWh": 0.01, - "total_TWh": 74.76, - "wind_TWh": 0.0, - "year": 2022 + "per_capita_Wh": 2339.864, + "renewables_TWh": 16.8, + "solar_TWh": 6.5, + "total_TWh": 86.7, + "wind_TWh": 4.0, + "year": 2025 }, "VCT": { "biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "carbon_intensity": 529.412, + "carbon_intensity": 600.0, "coal_TWh": 0.0, "country_name": "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines", "fossil_TWh": 0.13, "gas_TWh": 0.0, - "hydroelectricity_TWh": 0.04, + "hydroelectricity_TWh": 0.02, "iso_code": "VCT", - "low_carbon_TWh": 0.04, + "low_carbon_TWh": 0.02, "nuclear_TWh": 0.0, "oil_TWh": 0.13, "other_renewable_TWh": 0.0, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "per_capita_Wh": 1635.26, - "renewables_TWh": 0.04, + "per_capita_Wh": 1490.609, + "renewables_TWh": 0.02, "solar_TWh": 0.0, - "total_TWh": 0.17, + "total_TWh": 0.15, "wind_TWh": 0.0, - "year": 2022 + "year": 2024 }, "VEN": { "biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "carbon_intensity": 185.802, + "carbon_intensity": 85.86, "coal_TWh": 0.0, "country_name": "Venezuela", - "fossil_TWh": 18.88, - "gas_TWh": 13.25, - "hydroelectricity_TWh": 65.68, + "fossil_TWh": 7.1, + "gas_TWh": 3.6, + "hydroelectricity_TWh": 73.0, "iso_code": "VEN", - "low_carbon_TWh": 65.78, + "low_carbon_TWh": 73.03, "nuclear_TWh": 0.0, - "oil_TWh": 5.63, + "oil_TWh": 3.5, "other_renewable_TWh": 0.0, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "per_capita_Wh": 2991.34, - "renewables_TWh": 65.78, + "per_capita_Wh": 2820.928, + "renewables_TWh": 73.03, "solar_TWh": 0.01, - "total_TWh": 84.66, - "wind_TWh": 0.09, - "year": 2022 + "total_TWh": 80.13, + "wind_TWh": 0.02, + "year": 2024 }, "VGB": { "biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "carbon_intensity": 647.059, + "carbon_intensity": 647.06, "coal_TWh": 0.0, "country_name": "British Virgin Islands", "fossil_TWh": 0.17, @@ -4297,16 +4297,16 @@ "oil_TWh": 0.17, "other_renewable_TWh": 0.0, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "per_capita_Wh": 5425.763, + "per_capita_Wh": 4357.969, "renewables_TWh": 0.0, "solar_TWh": 0.0, "total_TWh": 0.17, "wind_TWh": 0.0, - "year": 2022 + "year": 2023 }, "VIR": { "biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "carbon_intensity": 632.353, + "carbon_intensity": 632.35, "coal_TWh": 0.0, "country_name": "United States Virgin Islands", "fossil_TWh": 0.66, @@ -4318,158 +4318,158 @@ "oil_TWh": 0.66, "other_renewable_TWh": 0.0, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "per_capita_Wh": 6835.614, + "per_capita_Wh": 7933.545, "renewables_TWh": 0.02, "solar_TWh": 0.02, "total_TWh": 0.68, "wind_TWh": 0.0, - "year": 2022 + "year": 2023 }, "VNM": { - "biofuel_TWh": 0.36, - "carbon_intensity": 475.449, - "coal_TWh": 124.31, + "biofuel_TWh": 1.03, + "carbon_intensity": 460.73, + "coal_TWh": 149.24, "country_name": "Vietnam", - "fossil_TWh": 153.14, - "gas_TWh": 26.52, - "hydroelectricity_TWh": 76.79, + "fossil_TWh": 169.2, + "gas_TWh": 19.34, + "hydroelectricity_TWh": 102.35, "iso_code": "VNM", - "low_carbon_TWh": 112.63, - "nuclear_TWh": 0.0, - "oil_TWh": 2.31, - "other_renewable_TWh": 0.853, - "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0, - "per_capita_Wh": 2688.376, - "renewables_TWh": 112.63, - "solar_TWh": 25.46, - "total_TWh": 265.77, - "wind_TWh": 10.02, - "year": 2023 + "low_carbon_TWh": 140.79, + "nuclear_TWh": 0.0, + "oil_TWh": 0.62, + "other_renewable_TWh": 1.03, + "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, + "per_capita_Wh": 3051.127, + "renewables_TWh": 140.79, + "solar_TWh": 23.04, + "total_TWh": 309.99, + "wind_TWh": 14.37, + "year": 2025 }, "VUT": { "biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "carbon_intensity": 571.429, + "carbon_intensity": 500.0, "coal_TWh": 0.0, "country_name": "Vanuatu", "fossil_TWh": 0.06, "gas_TWh": 0.0, - "hydroelectricity_TWh": 0.0, + "hydroelectricity_TWh": 0.01, "iso_code": "VUT", - "low_carbon_TWh": 0.01, + "low_carbon_TWh": 0.02, "nuclear_TWh": 0.0, "oil_TWh": 0.06, "other_renewable_TWh": 0.0, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "per_capita_Wh": 214.235, - "renewables_TWh": 0.01, + "per_capita_Wh": 249.671, + "renewables_TWh": 0.02, "solar_TWh": 0.01, - "total_TWh": 0.06999999999999999, + "total_TWh": 0.08, "wind_TWh": 0.0, - "year": 2022 + "year": 2023 }, "WSM": { - "biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "carbon_intensity": 473.684, + "biofuel_TWh": 0.01, + "carbon_intensity": 375.0, "coal_TWh": 0.0, "country_name": "Samoa", - "fossil_TWh": 0.13, + "fossil_TWh": 0.09, "gas_TWh": 0.0, - "hydroelectricity_TWh": 0.04, + "hydroelectricity_TWh": 0.03, "iso_code": "WSM", - "low_carbon_TWh": 0.06, + "low_carbon_TWh": 0.07, "nuclear_TWh": 0.0, - "oil_TWh": 0.13, - "other_renewable_TWh": 0.0, + "oil_TWh": 0.09, + "other_renewable_TWh": 0.01, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "per_capita_Wh": 854.355, - "renewables_TWh": 0.06, - "solar_TWh": 0.02, - "total_TWh": 0.19, + "per_capita_Wh": 733.841, + "renewables_TWh": 0.07, + "solar_TWh": 0.03, + "total_TWh": 0.16, "wind_TWh": 0.0, - "year": 2022 + "year": 2024 }, "YEM": { "biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "carbon_intensity": 566.102, + "carbon_intensity": 592.38, "coal_TWh": 0.0, "country_name": "Yemen", - "fossil_TWh": 2.35, - "gas_TWh": 0.54, + "fossil_TWh": 4.66, + "gas_TWh": 0.06, "hydroelectricity_TWh": 0.0, "iso_code": "YEM", - "low_carbon_TWh": 0.6, + "low_carbon_TWh": 0.59, "nuclear_TWh": 0.0, - "oil_TWh": 1.81, + "oil_TWh": 4.6, "other_renewable_TWh": 0.0, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "per_capita_Wh": 87.546, - "renewables_TWh": 0.6, - "solar_TWh": 0.6, - "total_TWh": 2.95, + "per_capita_Wh": 129.364, + "renewables_TWh": 0.59, + "solar_TWh": 0.59, + "total_TWh": 5.25, "wind_TWh": 0.0, - "year": 2022 + "year": 2024 }, "ZAF": { - "biofuel_TWh": 0.43, - "carbon_intensity": 707.686, - "coal_TWh": 185.29, + "biofuel_TWh": 0.47, + "carbon_intensity": 699.29, + "coal_TWh": 197.5, "country_name": "South Africa", - "fossil_TWh": 190.61, + "fossil_TWh": 199.45, "gas_TWh": 0.0, - "hydroelectricity_TWh": 1.96, + "hydroelectricity_TWh": 1.83, "iso_code": "ZAF", - "low_carbon_TWh": 37.74, - "nuclear_TWh": 8.16, - "oil_TWh": 5.32, - "other_renewable_TWh": 0.41, - "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0, - "per_capita_Wh": 3779.722, - "renewables_TWh": 29.58, - "solar_TWh": 15.57, - "total_TWh": 228.35, - "wind_TWh": 11.62, - "year": 2023 + "low_carbon_TWh": 43.31, + "nuclear_TWh": 10.21, + "oil_TWh": 1.95, + "other_renewable_TWh": 0.47, + "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, + "per_capita_Wh": 3749.344, + "renewables_TWh": 33.1, + "solar_TWh": 19.48, + "total_TWh": 242.76, + "wind_TWh": 11.32, + "year": 2025 }, "ZMB": { "biofuel_TWh": 0.08, - "carbon_intensity": 111.967, - "coal_TWh": 2.16, + "carbon_intensity": 119.68, + "coal_TWh": 2.13, "country_name": "Zambia", - "fossil_TWh": 2.16, + "fossil_TWh": 2.47, "gas_TWh": 0.0, - "hydroelectricity_TWh": 17.09, + "hydroelectricity_TWh": 17.0, "iso_code": "ZMB", - "low_carbon_TWh": 17.31, + "low_carbon_TWh": 17.25, "nuclear_TWh": 0.0, - "oil_TWh": 0.0, + "oil_TWh": 0.34, "other_renewable_TWh": 0.08, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "per_capita_Wh": 972.641, - "renewables_TWh": 17.31, - "solar_TWh": 0.14, - "total_TWh": 19.47, + "per_capita_Wh": 925.172, + "renewables_TWh": 17.25, + "solar_TWh": 0.17, + "total_TWh": 19.72, "wind_TWh": 0.0, - "year": 2022 + "year": 2024 }, "ZWE": { - "biofuel_TWh": 0.1, - "carbon_intensity": 297.872, - "coal_TWh": 2.92, + "biofuel_TWh": 0.12, + "carbon_intensity": 384.02, + "coal_TWh": 4.4, "country_name": "Zimbabwe", - "fossil_TWh": 2.92, + "fossil_TWh": 4.4, "gas_TWh": 0.0, - "hydroelectricity_TWh": 5.88, + "hydroelectricity_TWh": 5.7, "iso_code": "ZWE", - "low_carbon_TWh": 6.01, + "low_carbon_TWh": 5.86, "nuclear_TWh": 0.0, "oil_TWh": 0.0, - "other_renewable_TWh": 0.1, + "other_renewable_TWh": 0.12, "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh": 0.0, - "per_capita_Wh": 547.163, - "renewables_TWh": 6.01, - "solar_TWh": 0.03, - "total_TWh": 8.93, + "per_capita_Wh": 616.795, + "renewables_TWh": 5.86, + "solar_TWh": 0.04, + "total_TWh": 10.26, "wind_TWh": 0.0, - "year": 2022 + "year": 2024 } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/codecarbon/data/private_infra/update_global_energy_mix.py b/codecarbon/data/private_infra/update_global_energy_mix.py new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1aaa76741 --- /dev/null +++ b/codecarbon/data/private_infra/update_global_energy_mix.py @@ -0,0 +1,149 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python3 +"""Build ``global_energy_mix.json`` from the Our World in Data energy dataset. + +The dataset combines the yearly electricity data of Ember and the Energy +Institute's Statistical Review of World Energy. To refresh the file, run: + + uv run python codecarbon/data/private_infra/update_global_energy_mix.py + +The dataset is read from the Our World in Data catalog, or from a CSV file or +URL given as argument. Each country keeps its most recent year with an +electricity carbon intensity, stored in its ``year`` field. A carbon intensity +that is not positive is written as null. The sha256 of the dataset is printed, to record +which version was used. +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +import argparse +import hashlib +import io +import json +import urllib.request +from collections import Counter +from pathlib import Path +from typing import Dict, List, Tuple +from urllib.parse import urlparse + +import pandas as pd + +OWID_ENERGY_URL = ( + "https://catalog.ourworldindata.org/energy/owid_energy/owid_energy.csv" +) + +OUTPUT = Path(__file__).resolve().parent / "global_energy_mix.json" + +# Dataset column -> key in global_energy_mix.json. Despite its key, per_capita_Wh is in kWh. +COLUMNS = { + "country": "country_name", + "iso_code": "iso_code", + "year": "year", + "electricity_carbon_intensity_gco2eq_per_kwh": "carbon_intensity", + "fossil_fuels_electricity_twh": "fossil_TWh", + "renewables_electricity_twh": "renewables_TWh", + "electricity_generation_per_capita_kwh": "per_capita_Wh", + "coal_electricity_twh": "coal_TWh", + "gas_electricity_twh": "gas_TWh", + "oil_electricity_twh": "oil_TWh", + "solar_electricity_twh": "solar_TWh", + "wind_electricity_twh": "wind_TWh", + "hydro_electricity_twh": "hydroelectricity_TWh", + "other_renewables_including_bioenergy_electricity_twh": "other_renewable_TWh", + "other_renewables_excluding_bioenergy_electricity_twh": "other_renewable_exc_biofuel_TWh", + "nuclear_electricity_twh": "nuclear_TWh", + "bioenergy_electricity_twh": "biofuel_TWh", + "low_carbon_electricity_twh": "low_carbon_TWh", +} + + +def read_dataset(source: str) -> Tuple[pd.DataFrame, str]: + """Read the dataset from a file or URL, with the sha256 of its content.""" + if urlparse(source).scheme in ("http", "https"): + with urllib.request.urlopen(source) as response: + raw = response.read() + else: + raw = Path(source).read_bytes() + return pd.read_csv(io.BytesIO(raw)), hashlib.sha256(raw).hexdigest() + + +def build_global_energy_mix(owid: pd.DataFrame) -> Dict[str, dict]: + """Return the latest year of each country with a carbon intensity, by ISO code.""" + missing = sorted(set(COLUMNS) - set(owid.columns)) + if missing: + raise ValueError(f"Columns missing from the dataset: {', '.join(missing)}") + + mix = owid[list(COLUMNS)].rename(columns=COLUMNS) + mix = mix.dropna(subset=["carbon_intensity", "iso_code"]) + mix = mix.loc[mix.groupby("iso_code")["year"].idxmax()] + mix["total_TWh"] = mix[["fossil_TWh", "renewables_TWh", "nuclear_TWh"]].sum(axis=1) + mix = mix.fillna(0).round(3) + mix["year"] = mix["year"].astype(int) + records = mix.to_dict("records") + for row in records: + # A lifecycle carbon intensity cannot be zero, so such a value is written as + # null and CodeCarbon computes the intensity from the mix instead. + if row["carbon_intensity"] <= 0: + row["carbon_intensity"] = None + return {row["iso_code"]: row for row in records} + + +def check_global_energy_mix( + mix: Dict[str, dict], previous: Dict[str, dict] +) -> List[str]: + """Describe the entries to look at before trusting a refresh.""" + newest = max((row["year"] for row in mix.values()), default=0) + problems = [] + for iso_code, row in sorted(mix.items()): + if row["carbon_intensity"] is None: + problems.append( + f"{iso_code}: no positive carbon intensity, computed from the mix" + ) + if row["total_TWh"] <= 0: + problems.append(f"{iso_code}: no electricity generation in the mix") + if row["year"] < newest - 2: + problems.append(f"{iso_code}: latest data is from {row['year']}") + if iso_code in previous and row["year"] < previous[iso_code]["year"]: + problems.append( + f"{iso_code}: year goes back from {previous[iso_code]['year']} to {row['year']}" + ) + return problems + + +def main() -> None: + parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__.splitlines()[0]) + parser.add_argument( + "source", + nargs="?", + default=OWID_ENERGY_URL, + help="dataset as a CSV file or URL, defaults to the Our World in Data catalog", + ) + parser.add_argument( + "--output", + type=Path, + default=OUTPUT, + help="defaults to global_energy_mix.json next to this script", + ) + args = parser.parse_args() + + owid, sha256 = read_dataset(args.source) + mix = build_global_energy_mix(owid) + previous = {} + if args.output.exists(): + previous = json.loads(args.output.read_text(encoding="utf-8")) + lost = sorted(set(previous) - set(mix)) + if lost: + raise SystemExit(f"Countries missing from the dataset: {', '.join(lost)}") + args.output.write_text( + json.dumps(mix, indent=4, sort_keys=True), encoding="utf-8", newline="\n" + ) + + years = Counter(row["year"] for row in mix.values()) + summary = ", ".join(f"{year}: {count}" for year, count in sorted(years.items())) + print(f"Wrote {len(mix)} countries to {args.output} (years {summary})") + print(f"Dataset sha256: {sha256}") + for problem in check_global_energy_mix(mix, previous): + print(f"Check: {problem}") + + +if __name__ == "__main__": + main() diff --git a/docs/explanation/methodology.md b/docs/explanation/methodology.md index 0c268c2b5..7d6d2d7a4 100644 --- a/docs/explanation/methodology.md +++ b/docs/explanation/methodology.md @@ -438,6 +438,19 @@ recent available year is used. the provenance matters to you, check the startup logs at `WARNING` level or set `force_carbon_intensity_g_co2e_kwh` explicitly so there is no ambiguity. +The country values come from the [Our World in Data energy +dataset](https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/carbon-intensity-electricity). The +carbon intensity is [Ember](https://ember-energy.org/data/yearly-electricity-data/)'s +lifecycle carbon intensity of electricity generation, in gCO₂eq/kWh, so it is +higher than figures that count only the emissions of operating the power +plants. The electricity mix combines the data of Ember and the Energy +Institute. Each country uses its most recent year with data, given by the +`year` field of the file. A lifecycle carbon intensity cannot be zero, so a +zero in the dataset is stored as `null` and the carbon intensity is computed +from the electricity mix instead (this is the case of the Central African +Republic, whose electricity is all hydroelectricity). To refresh them, run +`uv run python codecarbon/data/private_infra/update_global_energy_mix.py`. + ### Regional data For some countries, CodeCarbon has sub-national carbon intensity data @@ -464,7 +477,7 @@ CO₂ emission factors published by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and the National Bureau of Statistics ([source](https://www.mee.gov.cn/xxgk2018/xxgk/xxgk01/202512/t20251231_1139517.html)). They range from 133 gCO₂/kWh in Yunnan to 680 gCO₂/kWh in Tianjin, -whereas the national value is 582 gCO₂eq/kWh. Note that these official +whereas the national value is 525 gCO₂eq/kWh. Note that these official factors count CO₂ only (no other greenhouse gases, no lifecycle emissions), whereas the per-country values are in CO₂eq. Tibet, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan are not in the official table and use the diff --git a/tests/test_emissions.py b/tests/test_emissions.py index 8dd5c3856..8bb1525fa 100644 --- a/tests/test_emissions.py +++ b/tests/test_emissions.py @@ -119,8 +119,9 @@ def test_get_emissions_PRIVATE_INFRA_FRA(self): ) # THEN + france = self._data_source.get_global_energy_mix_data()["FRA"] assert isinstance(emissions, float) - self.assertAlmostEqual(emissions, 56.04 / 1000, places=2) + self.assertAlmostEqual(emissions, france["carbon_intensity"] / 1000, places=6) def test_get_emissions_PRIVATE_INFRA_UNKNOWN(self): """ @@ -198,8 +199,11 @@ def test_get_emissions_PRIVATE_INFRA_CANADA_WITHOUT_REGION(self): ) # THEN + canada = self._data_source.get_global_energy_mix_data()["CAN"] assert isinstance(emissions, float) - self.assertAlmostEqual(emissions, 0.5101, places=2) + self.assertAlmostEqual( + emissions, 3 * canada["carbon_intensity"] / 1000, places=6 + ) def test_get_emissions_PRIVATE_INFRA_CANADA_WITH_REGION(self): # WHEN diff --git a/tests/test_update_global_energy_mix.py b/tests/test_update_global_energy_mix.py new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3b977f97c --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_update_global_energy_mix.py @@ -0,0 +1,310 @@ +import hashlib +import importlib.util +import json +import sys +from pathlib import Path + +import pandas as pd +import pytest + +SCRIPT = ( + Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1] + / "codecarbon/data/private_infra/update_global_energy_mix.py" +) +DATA = ( + Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1] + / "codecarbon/data/private_infra/global_energy_mix.json" +) + +# The script is a maintenance tool that is not shipped in the wheel, so the +# wheel test run (which only checks out tests/) does not have it. +pytestmark = pytest.mark.skipif( + not SCRIPT.exists(), reason="update script is not part of the installed package" +) + + +@pytest.fixture(scope="module") +def script(): + spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location("update_global_energy_mix", SCRIPT) + module = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec) + spec.loader.exec_module(module) + return module + + +def _dataset(script, *rows): + """A dataset with every expected column, zero where a row has no value.""" + frame = pd.DataFrame(rows) + for column in script.COLUMNS: + if column not in frame: + frame[column] = 0.0 + return frame + + +def _france(year, intensity, **values): + return { + "country": "France", + "iso_code": "FRA", + "year": year, + "electricity_carbon_intensity_gco2eq_per_kwh": intensity, + **values, + } + + +def test_keeps_the_latest_year_with_a_carbon_intensity(script): + owid = _dataset( + script, _france(2023, 56.0), _france(2024, 41.0), _france(2025, float("nan")) + ) + + mix = script.build_global_energy_mix(owid) + + assert mix["FRA"]["year"] == 2024 + assert mix["FRA"]["carbon_intensity"] == 41.0 + + +def test_a_country_without_any_carbon_intensity_is_left_out(script): + germany = {**_france(2024, 330.0), "country": "Germany", "iso_code": "DEU"} + owid = _dataset(script, _france(2023, float("nan")), germany) + + mix = script.build_global_energy_mix(owid) + + assert list(mix) == ["DEU"] + + +def test_countries_are_keyed_by_iso_code_and_aggregates_are_ignored(script): + world = {**_france(2024, 450.0), "country": "World", "iso_code": float("nan")} + owid = _dataset(script, _france(2024, 41.0), world) + + mix = script.build_global_energy_mix(owid) + + assert list(mix) == ["FRA"] + assert mix["FRA"]["country_name"] == "France" + assert mix["FRA"]["iso_code"] == "FRA" + + +def test_missing_sources_are_zero_and_the_total_is_their_sum(script): + owid = _dataset( + script, + _france( + 2024, + 41.0, + fossil_fuels_electricity_twh=29.35, + renewables_electricity_twh=148.56, + nuclear_electricity_twh=392.07, + solar_electricity_twh=float("nan"), + ), + ) + + mix = script.build_global_energy_mix(owid) + + assert mix["FRA"]["solar_TWh"] == 0.0 + assert mix["FRA"]["total_TWh"] == 569.98 + + +def test_values_are_rounded_to_three_decimals_and_the_year_is_an_integer(script): + owid = _dataset( + script, + _france(2024.0, 41.4449, electricity_generation_per_capita_kwh=8551.734251), + ) + + mix = script.build_global_energy_mix(owid) + + assert mix["FRA"]["per_capita_Wh"] == 8551.734 + assert mix["FRA"]["carbon_intensity"] == 41.445 + assert isinstance(mix["FRA"]["year"], int) + + +def test_a_carbon_intensity_of_zero_is_written_as_null(script): + caf = { + "country": "Central African Republic", + "iso_code": "CAF", + "year": 2023, + "electricity_carbon_intensity_gco2eq_per_kwh": 0.0, + "hydro_electricity_twh": 0.14, + } + owid = _dataset(script, {**caf, "year": 2022}, caf) + + mix = script.build_global_energy_mix(owid) + + assert mix["CAF"]["year"] == 2023 + assert mix["CAF"]["carbon_intensity"] is None + assert '"carbon_intensity": null' in json.dumps(mix) + + +def test_a_dataset_without_the_expected_columns_is_rejected(script): + owid = _dataset(script, _france(2024, 41.0)).drop(columns=["coal_electricity_twh"]) + + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="coal_electricity_twh"): + script.build_global_energy_mix(owid) + + +def _entry(year=2025, carbon_intensity=100.0, total_TWh=10.0): + return { + "year": year, + "carbon_intensity": carbon_intensity, + "total_TWh": total_TWh, + } + + +def test_a_sound_refresh_has_nothing_to_check(script): + mix = {"FRA": _entry(), "DEU": _entry(2023)} + + assert script.check_global_energy_mix(mix, {"FRA": _entry(2024)}) == [] + + +def test_a_missing_carbon_intensity_is_flagged(script): + mix = {"CAF": _entry(carbon_intensity=None), "FRA": _entry()} + + assert script.check_global_energy_mix(mix, {}) == [ + "CAF: no positive carbon intensity, computed from the mix" + ] + + +def test_an_empty_mix_is_flagged(script): + mix = {"XYZ": _entry(total_TWh=0.0), "FRA": _entry()} + + assert script.check_global_energy_mix(mix, {}) == [ + "XYZ: no electricity generation in the mix" + ] + + +def test_countries_with_old_data_are_flagged(script): + mix = { + "ESH": _entry(2009), + "LSO": _entry(2022), + "FRA": _entry(), + "DEU": _entry(2023), + } + + assert script.check_global_energy_mix(mix, {}) == [ + "ESH: latest data is from 2009", + "LSO: latest data is from 2022", + ] + + +def test_a_year_going_backwards_is_flagged(script): + mix = {"FRA": _entry(2024), "DEU": _entry(2025)} + previous = {"FRA": _entry(2025), "DEU": _entry(2025)} + + assert script.check_global_energy_mix(mix, previous) == [ + "FRA: year goes back from 2025 to 2024" + ] + + +def test_read_dataset_returns_the_hash_of_a_file(script, tmp_path): + source = tmp_path / "owid_energy.csv" + _dataset(script, _france(2024, 41.0)).to_csv(source, index=False) + + owid, sha256 = script.read_dataset(str(source)) + + assert list(owid["iso_code"]) == ["FRA"] + assert sha256 == hashlib.sha256(source.read_bytes()).hexdigest() + + +def test_read_dataset_downloads_a_url(script, monkeypatch): + content = b"country,year\nFrance,2024\n" + requested = [] + + class Response: + def __enter__(self): + return self + + def __exit__(self, *exc_info): + return False + + def read(self): + return content + + def urlopen(url): + requested.append(url) + return Response() + + monkeypatch.setattr(script.urllib.request, "urlopen", urlopen) + + owid, sha256 = script.read_dataset("https://example.org/owid_energy.csv") + + assert requested == ["https://example.org/owid_energy.csv"] + assert list(owid["country"]) == ["France"] + assert sha256 == hashlib.sha256(content).hexdigest() + + +def test_packaged_file_matches_the_script_format(script): + text = DATA.read_text(encoding="utf-8") + packaged = json.loads(text) + columns = {key: column for column, key in script.COLUMNS.items()} + # null stands for a carbon intensity of zero in the dataset + owid = pd.DataFrame( + [ + { + column: 0.0 if record[key] is None else record[key] + for key, column in columns.items() + } + for record in packaged.values() + ] + ) + + assert script.build_global_energy_mix(owid) == packaged + assert json.dumps(packaged, indent=4, sort_keys=True) == text + + +def test_packaged_file_has_a_positive_total_for_every_country(): + # codecarbon.viz divides by total_TWh to show the share of each source + packaged = json.loads(DATA.read_text(encoding="utf-8")) + + assert [iso for iso, row in packaged.items() if row["total_TWh"] <= 0] == [] + + +def test_packaged_file_has_no_carbon_intensity_of_zero(): + # an explicit zero is used as is, which would report no emissions at all + packaged = json.loads(DATA.read_text(encoding="utf-8")) + intensities = [row["carbon_intensity"] for row in packaged.values()] + + assert [value for value in intensities if value is not None and value <= 0] == [] + + +def _run(script, monkeypatch, *args): + monkeypatch.setattr(sys, "argv", ["update_global_energy_mix.py", *map(str, args)]) + script.main() + + +def test_main_writes_the_file(script, monkeypatch, tmp_path, capsys): + source = tmp_path / "owid_energy.csv" + _dataset(script, _france(2024, 41.0)).to_csv(source, index=False) + output = tmp_path / "global_energy_mix.json" + + _run(script, monkeypatch, source, "--output", output) + + assert json.loads(output.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))["FRA"]["year"] == 2024 + printed = capsys.readouterr().out + assert "Wrote 1 countries" in printed + assert ( + f"Dataset sha256: {hashlib.sha256(source.read_bytes()).hexdigest()}" in printed + ) + + +def test_main_prints_what_to_check(script, monkeypatch, tmp_path, capsys): + source = tmp_path / "owid_energy.csv" + _dataset(script, _france(2024, 0.0)).to_csv(source, index=False) + output = tmp_path / "global_energy_mix.json" + + _run(script, monkeypatch, source, "--output", output) + + assert ( + json.loads(output.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))["FRA"]["carbon_intensity"] + is None + ) + assert ( + "Check: FRA: no positive carbon intensity, computed from the mix" + in capsys.readouterr().out + ) + + +def test_main_refuses_to_drop_a_country(script, monkeypatch, tmp_path): + source = tmp_path / "owid_energy.csv" + _dataset(script, _france(2024, 41.0)).to_csv(source, index=False) + output = tmp_path / "global_energy_mix.json" + output.write_text(json.dumps({"FRA": {}, "DEU": {}}), encoding="utf-8") + + with pytest.raises(SystemExit, match="DEU"): + _run(script, monkeypatch, source, "--output", output) + + assert json.loads(output.read_text(encoding="utf-8")) == {"FRA": {}, "DEU": {}}