fix(routes): mint Laravel routes written without a leading slash

[DeusData]

Why: Laravel accepts a route URI with or without its leading slash and trims
'/' from both ends, so Route::get('users', ...) serves /users and
Route::get('', ...) the group root. Most Laravel apps write it that way. Both
route passes only minted a Route for a first argument starting with '/', so
Firefly III's API registrations (246 distinct routes in routes/api.php) had
no Route at all, and neither did laravel.io's PUT/DELETE API routes or 62 of
its 67 registrations.

Fix (extract_calls.c, PHP only; other languages' path gates are untouched):

• A recognised Laravel registration gets its literal URI normalised to the
  slashed form before the gates: 'users' -> /users, '' -> /, 'users/' ->
  /users. It is recognised by an HTTP verb (get/post/put/patch/delete)
  called on the Route facade - directly, or at the root of a registrar chain
  such as Route::middleware('auth')->get(...) - or on $router. The literal
  Route scope is the same one the PHP/Laravel: routes inside Route::prefix()->group() produce no Route nodes #952 callee qualification accepts. Any
  other call keeps its argument: $request->get('name'), Cache::get('key'),
  config(), a collection's or session's get(), $this->router->get(), and a
  test client's $this->get('users').
• The normalised path composes with the enclosing in-file prefix groups the
  same way as PHP/Laravel: routes inside Route::prefix()->group() produce no Route nodes #952. The attribute-array group form
  Route::group(['prefix' => 'v1/autocomplete', ...], function () {...}),
  which Firefly III's whole API uses, now contributes its prefix too;
  without it those routes would mint as /accounts instead of
  /v1/autocomplete/accounts.
• A slashless registration whose action is a string ('index' inside a
  Route::controller() group, 'UserController@store') is minted without a
  handler. The string does not say which class owns the method, and
  resolving it could only guess: on krayin/laravel-crm, 'update' and
  'destroy' bound functions in a bundled chart.js, and 'store' bound
  ActivityController for /login.

Proof (release CLI built from this tree vs origin/main 1f9b4db):

• Routes minted by route registration: firefly-iii 30 -> 651,
  laravel.io 39 -> 81, krayin/laravel-crm 5 -> 132. An independent
  recomputation of every composed path from the route files matches
  exactly: firefly routes/api.php 246/246 and routes/web.php 390/390,
  laravel.io web 64/64 and api 3/3, with 0 missing and 0 extra.
• Samples checked against source: GET /v1/autocomplete/accounts and
  DELETE /v1/accounts/{account} (firefly), PUT /articles/{article} (laravel.io
  api), PUT /admin/articles/{article}/approve (laravel.io web), and
  PUT /leads/edit/{id} (krayin).
• No false Routes: every new route-registration edge comes from a Route::
  registrar in a route file. The pre-existing test-client and JS-client
  route edges are identical to main. HANDLES stays at 0 on all three
  corpora, so no handler is guessed.

Tests (edge_types_probe): routes_laravel_slashless_issue1146 and
routes_laravel_slashless_parallel_issue1146 assert the exact method+path set:
facade, facade chain, $router, chain and array prefix groups, '' and a
trailing slash. routes_laravel_slashless_no_junk_issue1146 covers the
non-route string calls. routes_laravel_slashless_no_guessed_handlers_issue1146
checks string actions against JS and PHP decoys. RED on origin/main 3x,
green, RED on revert (the guessed-handler test is also RED with only the
handler gate removed). edge_types_probe, php_lsp, pipeline, parallel,
route_canon and cross_repo pass (731); make lint-ci passes.

Refs #1146