windows_support: drop source_directory_headers.patch once upstream PR #23 is released #9212

Part of #8912. Follow-up to #9135 (PR #9138), which added patches/windows_support/source_directory_headers.patch so the Windows SDK ucrt/shared/um/winrt include targets are source directories. Upstream: hermeticbuild/windows_support#22, PR hermeticbuild/windows_support#23 (open as of 2026-11-07).

Where

• MODULE.bazel:187 (patch list and windows_support version)
• cli/adopt/BUILD.bazel:88, cli/adopt/src/overrides.rs:366-368
• patches/README.md:61
• patches/windows_support/BUILD.bazel:2,9,12,18, patches/windows_support/source_directory_headers.patch, patches/windows_support/source_directory_headers_test.bzl
• families/{android,apple,beam,dotnet,jvm}/third_party/rules_dx/ (BUILD.bazel, rules_dx.MODULE.bazel, windows_support.source_directory_headers.patch)

Fix

1. Start only once a windows_support release contains PR De-milestone quality/ domain docs (#11) #23. Bump the windows_support bazel_dep to that release.
2. Remove the patch from every file under Where. Keep source_directory_headers_test if it still passes against the release (it checks @windows_sdk//:winsdk_um_include is one source directory); move it out of patches/ if the patch directory becomes empty of patches.
3. Regenerate the families with dx init --apply and update lockfiles with bazel mod deps --lockfile_mode=update (root and families).
4. Run //patches/windows_support:source_directory_headers_test, //cli/adopt:dx_adopt_test, and one windows_arm64 evidence run (task=build scope=//cli/process/...) to confirm MerkleTreeComputer.buildForSpawn stays near 11 core-s.